The Association of Sleep Quality and Mental Health Literacy with Psychological Distress among 10th and 11th-Grade Students
Abstract
Psychological distress is an important concern among adolescents. This cross-sectional study examined the associations of sleep quality and mental health literacy with psychological distress among 95 10th- and 11th-grade students at SMA Muhammadiyah 12 Jakarta. Data were collected using the Universal Mental Health Literacy Scale for Adolescents (UMHL-A), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales–Youth (DASS-Y). Associations were tested using Pearson's Chi-Square Test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. Of 95 students, 49 (51.6%) had high mental health literacy, 82 (86.3%) had poor sleep quality, and 21 (22.1%) had increased psychological distress. Mental health literacy was significantly associated with psychological distress (p < 0.001; OR 9.857, 95% CI 2.661–36.511). Sleep quality was not significantly associated with psychological distress (Fisher's exact p = 1.000). The findings indicate an association between mental health literacy and psychological distress, but do not establish causality. School-based mental health education may be considered, while further multivariable and longitudinal research is needed.
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