Nutritional Information and Characteristics Required by Adolescents and Mothers in Developing Health Applications "MoGiz"

Mobile applications about health have been widely developed but not yet effective as well as suit to user needs. It is because the design process does not involve potential users or user-centered design (UCD). This study aims to obtain information about the needs of groups of adolescents and mothers of children under five on the health application namely MoGiz (Monitoring Gizi). The method uses a qualitative approach through Focus Group Discussion with 6 and 9 informants from group of youths and mothers, respectively. Data analysis was carried out by interpreting the results of a series of transcripts, coding, and arranging the topics and themes found. The results show that teenagers want applications about adolescent health, while mothers of toddlers want applications about toddler health. Both groups expect applications to be small, attractive, containing articles and videos. In conclusion, it is recommended that the application contains health information according to the characteristics of the needs of potential users.


INTRODUCTION
Indonesia is faced with various nutritional problems that occur in the adolescent and toddler age groups (Kemenkes RI, 2018).
Over nutrition during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of diseases such as kidney disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, and hypertension in adulthood (Inge et al., 2013). Riskesdas show an increase in obesity, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension from 2007 to 2013 (Kemenkes RI, 2007. Malnutrition, undernutrition and over-nutrition in children under five are problem those needs to be addressed. However, the prevalence in 2013 and 2018 respectively were 5.7% vs. 3.9%; 13.9% vs. 13.8% and 4.5% vs. 3.1% (Kemenkes RI, 2013, 2018. These, need to be overcome by mass individual health behavior interventions (Gan and Allman-Farinelli, 2011) especially in groups of adolescents and mothers of toddlers. One of the effective health behavior changes promotion interventions is believed throughout mobile application provided in a smartphone (Aker et al., 2016).
Applications mobile is a very potential step to convey health messages because it has many benefits, including relatively low cost, can reach a wider target, can be accessed 24 hours, provides updated at any time, attractive visual display (images, audio, and video), information can be accessed again according to the user's will (Ritterband et al., 2009;Hasson, Brown and Hasson, 2010;Househ, Borycki and Kushniruk, 2014) and most people have easy access to using smartphones (Statista, 2017). Smartphone users worldwide in 2021 will reach 3.8 billion or about 48.33% of the world's population while Indonesia is the 6 th highest (Bankmycell, 2022). Indeed, the number of mobile application users in the health sector has increased drastically to reach 247 million people in 2012 (Laird, 2012). They counted almost half of total users. The activities including access information on checking sports activities, calculating food intake, health and nutrition information, and drug prices (Kantar Media, 2012).
Currently, there are about 40,000 health applications meanwhile more than 500 focus on health projects (Sarwar and Soomro, 2013). Yet, existing health applications are less effective due to the design based on the existence of the health system. Most application preparation did not go through a user-centered design (UCD) process, to involve potential users in the development process (Brown et al., 2013). Thus, mobile application makers need to design effective feature to comply the needs of users. The use of UCD or user-centered method to involves prospective users in the process of designing help in adjusting user preferences (Schnall et al., 2016). UCD is an interactive system development in the manufacture of software to identify specific group target who will use the application and the need of users toward the application (Rahman, Wahyuni and Pradana, 2020

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The result of analysis emerged from FGD in the process of the "MoGiz" application development is described as follow.

Characteristic Respondent
Respondents or informants in the implementation of UCD in this study are six adolescent and mother as can be seen in Mother's knowledge about balanced nutrition is related to the nutritional status of her toddler (Siagian, Carmen M Halisitijayani, 2015). One of the things that affects knowledge is education (Hossain et al., 2014). Other research shows that knowledge about nutrition relates in parallel with education level and age. It is clearly stated that the level of knowledge increases until the age of 35 years and decreases in the age group of more than 36 years (Özdoǧan et al., 2012). Other studies also show that nutritional knowledge in the 18-34 year age group is higher than the 35 year old group (Hendrie, Coveney and Cox, 2008). Low education levels, high-class jobs, low nutritional knowledge, and feeding-related behaviors are associated with low food intake in children. The highest food intake and the highest healthy eating behavior scores were found in children with highly educated and unemployed mothers (Al Shookri et al., 2011).

Desired Application
Applications in health and nutrition sector that are expected in the group of mothers of toddlers are those provide solutions for  -11 (1998), usability is the extent to which a product can be used by certain users to achieve the set targets with certain effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction so that usability are determined by ease, efficiency, easy to remember, error and safety, and satisfaction (Rahadi, 2014).
Another thing that influences users to choose an application is related to the size of the application, consist of the download size and the size of the application. The larger file will effect to the longer the download process. The larger application size take greater space to install (Google, 2020).