ANEMIA AS A DETERMINANT OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INCIDENCE AT PMI HOSPITAL BOGOR IN 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is a significant health issue in newborns, often associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Maternal anemia is identified as one of the risk factors contributing to LBW. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal anemia and the incidence of LBW at PMI Hospital Bogor in 2023. Method: A cross-sectional design was used, with data collected from medical records of pregnant women who delivered in 2023, including anemia status and birth weight. The Chi-Square test was applied to analyze the relationship between anemia and LBW, with a significance level of p-value <0.05. Results: The study sample included 454 pregnant women, with the majority aged 20-35 years (78.9%) and having a high school education (43%). Anemia was present in 63.7% of the mothers, while 42.5% of the newborns were classified as LBW. The analysis revealed a significant relationship between maternal anemia and the incidence of LBW (p-value = 0.006). Conclusion: The study concludes that maternal anemia is strongly linked to LBW, highlighting the importance of early anemia detection and treatment through education and iron supplementation.