Risk Factors Associated with The Incidence of Malaria in Mimika Baru District

Abstract

Malaria remains a major health issue in Indonesia, particularly in the eastern
regions, which contribute to about 90% of national cases. Mimika Regency,
especially Mimika Baru District, is one of the high-endemic areas. This study
aimed to identify human and environmental risk factors associated with
malaria incidence. The research, conducted from May to June 2025 in
Mimika Baru District, used a cross-sectional design with 155 respondents
selected through stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed
univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test. Variables included age,
gender, education, occupation, healthcare access, knowledge, ventilation
screen use, mosquito net use, ceiling availability, and the existence of
mosquito breeding sites, resting places, and animal shelters. Results showed
that 83.6% of respondents had contracted malaria in the past year. Factors
significantly associated with malaria incidence were the use of ventilation
screens (p=0.050), mosquito nets (p=0.025), ceilings (p=0.015), breeding
sites (p=0.002), resting places (p=0.015), and animal shelters (p=0.025).
Strengthening malaria prevention and control through public education,
distribution of insecticide-treated nets, and improved environmental
management is recommended.